Cooled valve



2 July 5, 1938. F, F RRAY 2,122,484

COOLED VALVE Filed March 25, 1935 Patented July 5, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COOLED VALVE Frederick F. Murray, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Application March 25, 1935, Serial No. 12,846 "1 Claims. (01. 123-477) V This invention relates to a valve useful for chamber passing to their point of use through controlling the discharge of hot fluid, and more the passage H. The hot gases are discharged particularly for controlling the discharge of into the chamber ID by way of a port l2 provided products of combustion at high temperature, such in one wall of the chamber In. An opening [3 5 as is incident to the operation of starting aDiesel is formed in the opposite wall for receiving a engine in accordance with the invention disguide member [4. closed and claimed in my application filed May The valve for controlling discharge through 29, 1931, Serial No. 540,850, patented March 26, the port [2 in addition to the head I6 is pro- 1935, No. 1,995,320. vided with a stem l1. It will be noted that the 10 o object of my invention i to improve the latter is in cross section substantially as large 10 operation of and impart longer life to a valve a the how p ng through the p he used in such a, relation, provision of a large stem for the valve in pro- In the drawing which is merely illustrative of portion t0 the flow Opening through the p s a one embodiment which my invention ma a factor in making it possible for the valve to stand sume, up under the destructive conditions here present. 15

Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of such valve For one thing, t S s large enou h o that mechanism, the actuating mechanism for the Cooling fl may be readily circulated through valve being diagrammatically illustrated; the ethis P D the Stem iS made Fig. 2 is a detail view of a portion of the mechll w, n coolin fl id is caused to flow downanism shown in Fig. 1 with the valve at the end w ly through an inner ub 9 o he lower end 20 of its opening stroke; and of the stem I! where it is discharged to rise Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line through the hollow interior of the stem. It is an III-III of Fig. 1. important advantage to have a thin walled hol- In accordance with the construction set forth low stem. The inertia of the entire valve should and claimed in the above-entitled application, a be kept as low as possible, yet the pressure 25 Diesel engine may be started by burning a comagainst which the valve is held seated may be so bustible charge in one cylinder and actuating a great as to require considerable strength in the piston in Said cylinder so as t .djsplace th h t valve stem. By increasing the outer diameter of products of combustion past a discharge valve the Stem a d making the Stem h0110W, and P into the Diesel cylinder to there expend their erably by reducing the prevailing wall thickness 30 force. In the operation of such starting mechaof the stem below the interior diameter of the nism, the discharge valve is subjected to intense hollow stem, it is possible to attain a high ratio heat; and it is difficult to keep this discharge of strength of stem relative to the mass thereof. valve in operation over extended periods even The inlet connection 20 and the outlet connecwith the best materials now available. The tion 2| for the cooling fluid are both connected 35 strength of even the best steels rapidly diminishes to flexible conduits such as hoses 22 and 23 rewith high temperatures, and even the heat-resistspectively. In the embodiment shown, the head ing alloys loseapart of their strength when heat- 6 is te a W t tem and the bore ed above 1600 to 1700 F. An even more serious of the stem I1 is continued into the head l6 so difficulty is the relatively rapid destruction of that the cooling fluid, as it is discharged from 40 these materials under the trying conditions to the inner tube 00015 the headf t S dewhich such a discharge valve is subjected. sired that the head I6 operate at a higher tem- In accordance with my invention, I both cool perature, the inner tube l9 and the hollow inthe parts of the valve mechanism, and provide terior of the stem may be terminated short of the 5 such a construction as to limit the extent to head 16. which the valve is exposed to the hot gases to a Th h ad t s p v d d w a seating a 25 minimum. for engaging the seat 26 which surrounds the In the preferred embodiment disclosed in the P and iS also provided With a Seating face drawing of the present application, a wall of the 28 which surrounds the stem l1. When the valve cylinder or chamber in which the combustible is lifted t0 fully Open position, the face 28 mixture is burned is indicated at I. The head Surrounding t Stem l1 e a es a eat 29 on the in general is indicated by the numeral 8 and is guide s as to seal t op 30 in th guide provided with water jackets as indicated at 9, I4 Within which the stem IT is reciprocable. AC- 9a, and 5b. A discharge chamber II] is provided cordingly, when the valve is fully opened, the

in this head, the hot gases discharged into this stem of the valve is fully protected from the ef- 55 fect of the hot gases discharging by way of the conduit II.

The guide member M, which is received within the openingil3 and secured therein by studs and nuts 33, is aseparate member from the head and, therefore, is renewable. This guide member is cooled, being provided with a jacket or chamber 34 within which cooling fluid may be circulated by way of inlet and outlet pipes 35 and 36. The bore 30 within which the stem I1 is reciprocable is provided with oil grooves 38 for lubricating the stem. A conduit 35: supplies oil to one of these grooves under the pressure of a pump 40 of suitable construction. For instance, this pumpemay be a gear pump which supplies lubricant under a predetermined pressure to the intermediate oil groove in the guide member l4.

An extension 42 is threaded at 43 into the upper end of the stem l1; and is received within the forked end 44 of a lever 45 pivoted, as diagrammati'cally illustratedin 1,. at 46. A cam link 4"! is. pivoted to the other end of the lever 45, and carries at its lower end a roller 49' which travels in? a groove 50L in a rotatingv cam 5|. This cam is secured on a. drivenshaft 52, the groove 'being. of suitable shape tdeffect rapid lifting and closing of the valve. Obviously, by varying the groove, the movements of-the valvem ay be" varied to suit requirements. Moreover,- other actuating. mechanism for reciprocating thevalve may be substituted for? that shown. For instance, the cam actuation of the valve may directly contact the of the valve stem (or an extension thereof) as is customary where a powerful force should be exerted in seating the valve. f; i

The forked end of the lever 45 is preferably provided with rounded bearing surfaces to bear against cooperating washers 54' and 55. A light coil spring 56 is maintained under compression betw-eenfthe upper washer 55' and a retaining washer 51, whilea relatively heavy coil spring 559': ispositioned between the lower washer; 54' and the flange 60 which surmounts the'threaded portion of the extension 42. This arrangement pro vide's cushioning means in the connection between the lever 45 and the stem IT for cushioning the opening stroke the valve, and also the closing stroke of the valve. It is necessary to hold the valve seated over the port I! with considerably greater'force than is'necessary in settling the Qvalve against theiseat 29', and therefore the spring 59" is preferably made a considerably heavier spring thanthe spring 56. i;

' Thereis considerable advantage to a construc tion such as that shown in which double seating is effected, as this avoids exposure of the valve stem to the hot gases discharging from'the port I2 through therconduit l l. A construction fol,- lowing 'iny teaching is favorable for long life of the valve, since adequate cooling is previded to prevent excessively high temperature of most of the parts of the valve. Where the stem and head of the valve are quite small, as in a small installation, these parts may both be economically made of expensive alloy which will withstand high'temperatures. If, dueto the size of the parts; is desired to form only the head [6 offa ,costlygalloy, the same may be formed separate from the stem and fixed thereto, as Welding.

The positive actuation of the valve in both directions is of advantage, as more reliable control of the movements of the valve is thereby obtained.

No particular coolant, has been specified, it' being possible to use a number of different fl d the construction are subject to modification in accordance with the principles of my invention and within the scope of the following claims.

. I claim: i? i 1. Valve mechanism for controlling the dis charge of hotfluid comprising a valve provided with a stem and a face surrounding the stem adapted to engage a valve seat, a guide for the stemi having an opening in. which the stem is freciprocable, said guide affording a seat engageable bysaid' face when the valve is fully retracted to seal said opening, means for reciprocating the stem, and cushioning means in the connection between'the reciprocating means and the stem'for cushioningthe opening stroke of. the valve.

2. Valve mechanism. for controlling the dis chargeiof hot fluid comprisingv a valve'providee. withastem and a face surrounding the stem adapted to engage a valve seat, a guide for the stem having anopening in which the stem is. reciprocable, said guide afiording a seat engageable by said face when the valve is fully retracted to seal said opening, means for reciprocating the stem, and. cushioning means in the connection between the reciprocating means and the stem for cushioning" the closing stroke of the valve. 5

3. Valve mechanism for controlling the discharge of hot fluid comprising a valve provided with a stem and a face' surrounding' 'the stem adapted to engage avalve seat, a guide for the stem having an opening in which the stem is reciprocabl-e, saidguideaffording a seatengageable by said face when the valve is' fully retracted to seal said opening, means for reciprocating the stemgand cushioning means in the connection hetweeni the reciprocating means and the stem for cushioning: both the openingjand the closing strokesv ofthe'valve. W 3

4. Valve mechanism for controlling the discharge of hot fluid comprising a valve provided with a stem and a face surrounding the same adapted to engage avalve seat, a guide for the stem having an opening in which the stem is reciprc-cable, and means for thrusting the valve? in both directions, said guide affording a seat engageable by said face when the valveiis fully retracted. 1 i

5. Yalve mechanism for controlling the discharge of hot fluid comprising a valve provided with a stem and afface surrounding the same adapted to engage'a valve seat, a guide for the stem havingfan opening in which the stem is' reciprpcable, means for urging the valve in both direictions, and cushioning. means in the connection between the actuating means and the stem for cushioning the openinglstroke of the valve, said guide affording a seat engageable by said face when the valve is fully retracted.

6. A valve for a combustion chamber exhaust port provided with a valve seat comprising a head having a face adapted to engage said seat, a reciprocable stem on which said head is carried, a guide in which said stem reciprocates, a-valve seat v prefer, it will be understood that the details of a guide spaced from said port, and having a valve seat thereon opposite the first mentioned seat, or a valve stem reciprocable in said guide and a head carried thereon having faces for cooperating alternately with said seats.

FREDERICK F. MURRAY. 

